Eczema
What is Eczema?
Eczema, or dermatitis as it is sometimes called, is a group of skin conditions which can affect all age groups. The severity of the disease can vary. In mild forms the skin is dry, hot and itchy, whilst in more severe forms the skin can become broken, raw and bleeding. Although it can sometimes look unpleasant, eczema is not contagious.
Types of Eczema
There are several different types of eczema:
- Atopic eczema
Atopic eczema is the commonest form of eczema and is closely linked with asthma and hayfever. It can affect both children and adults, usually running in families. One of the most common symptoms of atopic eczema is its itchiness. - Allergic contact dermatitis
Develops when the body's immune system reacts against a substance in contact with the skin. For example, nickel, which can be found in jewelry. - Irritant contact dermatitis
This is a type of eczema caused by frequent contact with everyday substances, such as detergents and chemicals. - Infantile seborrhoeic eczema
A common condition affecting babies under one year old, the exact cause of which is unknown. Also referred to as cradle cap, it usually starts on the scalp or the nappy area and quickly spreads. - Adult seborrhoeic eczema
Characteristically affects adults between the ages of 20 and 40. It is usually seen on the scalp as mild dandruff, but can spread to the face, ears and chest. - Varicose eczema
Varicose eczema affects the lower legs of those in their middle to late years, being caused by poor circulation. - Discoid eczema
Is usually found in adults and appears suddenly as a few coin shaped areas of red skin, normally on the trunk or lower legs.
Eczema Treatment
Although eczema cannot be cured, there are various treatments that can be used to relieve irritation of the skin.
It is recommended that you see a dermatologist at the onset of symptons, as the earlier the treatment, the more chance of reduction of severity and duration.
Since eczema is usually dry and itchy, most treatment plans involve applying lotions, creams, or ointments to keep the skin as moist as possible. The treatment plan also may require lifestyle modifications and using medication as directed.
A topical (applied to the skin) medication may be prescribed to help relieve itching and inflammation. Another way to treat the itch is with a non-sedating antihistamine. If itching is severe, a sedative antihistamine may be recommended.
Eczema Prevention
Eczema cannot be sured, however preventative techniques can be adhered to, to prevent severe skin irritation. Follow the tips below:
- Avoiding irritants and allergens - Such as soap, bubble baths, wool and nylon.
- Moisturise - Be careful to avoid moisturisers that contain perfumes and preservatives which can irritate the skin.
- Wet dressings - Wet dressings with cool water can be helpful for moderate to severe eczema.
- Nutritional supplements - Supplements such as evening primrose oil and flaxseed oil may also help treat eczema symptoms.
